Home  CE University  Academy of Chiropractic  Primary Spine Care Seventeen: Advanced Imaging Diagnosing and Reporting Online

Primary Spine Care Seventeen: Advanced Imaging Diagnosing and Reporting Online

Get access to all the tutorials in the course now!

Description

Primary Spine Care 17

Advanced Imaging, Diagnosing & Reporting Online

15 CE and CME Hours

*Please note, this course is only approved for 10/15 CE in the State of Texas.


Advanced Imaging, Triage & Collaborative Case Leadership

15-Hour Clinical Skills Training for Chiropractors Who Want to Lead Spine Care (Not Just Support It)

If you want to serve as the primary provider for spine care—and confidently collaborate with medical specialists based on evidence-based clinical findings—this course is built for you.

You’ll learn the imaging and diagnostic tools required to make accurate spine diagnoses, triage appropriately, identify neurological red flags, and interpret advanced imaging—including MRI and CT—with clinical and collaborative precision.

This is not theory. It’s a practical, clinic-ready training designed to help you deliver better outcomes, improve referral relationships, and elevate your documentation and credibility across healthcare and medical-legal environments.


Who This Course Is For

This program is ideal for chiropractors and spine-focused clinicians who want to:

  • Serve as the primary spine care provider

  • Improve diagnostic confidence and triage accuracy

  • Strengthen collaborative relationships with MD PCPs, specialists, ERs, and urgent care

  • Interpret MRIs/CTs with greater clinical certainty

  • Improve documentation to support patient care, referrals, and case outcomes

  • Expand credibility in medical-legal and multidisciplinary settings


What You’ll Be Able To Do After This Course

By the end of the program, you’ll be able to:

Triage spine patients more effectively (urgent vs. non-urgent decision-making)
✅ Perform and interpret neurodiagnostic indicators and neurological differentials
✅ Confidently interpret advanced imaging (MRI, CT, X-ray) for spine pathology
✅ Detect ancillary tumors and critical non-musculoskeletal findings
✅ Apply evidence-based documentation that improves clinical collaboration and outcomes
✅ Build stronger interprofessional credibility through demonstrative reporting


Course Description

This course provides essential clinical skills for chiropractors who want to function as the primary provider for spine care, emphasizing the imaging and diagnostic tools required for accurate diagnosis and confident clinical decision-making.

You’ll learn how to coordinate patient care through effective collaboration with medical specialists—where the chiropractor leads case management based on evidence, advanced imaging interpretation, and diagnostic findings.

Key competencies include:

  • Triage

  • Neurodiagnostics

  • Advanced imaging interpretation (MRI, CT, X-ray)

  • Ancillary tumor detection

  • Differential diagnosis and clinical decision pathways

Everything taught is designed to be applied immediately in practice.


Key Learning Objectives

1) Triage Skills

Learn how to assess and prioritize spine patients based on urgency, red flags, and diagnostic evidence—ensuring optimal outcomes while reducing missed pathology risk.

2) Neurodiagnostics

Build competence in identifying neurological disorders using proven diagnostic tools and clinical reasoning that supports collaborative case leadership.

3) Advanced Imaging Interpretation

Develop the ability to interpret MRIs, CT scans, and X-rays with clarity—supporting accurate diagnoses, stronger care plans, and better outcomes.


Course Goals

This training is designed to help you:

  • Collaborate with medical specialists more effectively

  • Deliver better patient care through enhanced diagnostic clarity

  • Strengthen your clinical and professional authority through demonstrative documentation


Program Curriculum (15 Academic Hours)

Module 1 (2 Hours)

Current & Future Trends in Documentation and Practice Growth

Track: History Taking & Examination
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Evidence-based demonstrative documentation is increasingly the defining factor in successful patient-centered collaborative care. This module outlines how documentation has become a reputation-building tool that supports stronger relationships with MD PCPs, specialists, ERs, and urgent care centers—and helps eliminate the outdated “non-specific back pain” dogma through evidence, imaging, and outcomes.

You’ll learn how to document in ways that elevate clinical credibility, support case coordination, and improve utilization based on proof—not opinion.


Module 2 (2 Hours)

MRI Spine: Ancillary Tumor Detection + Advanced Imaging Stroke Detection

Track: Diagnostic Testing & Differential Diagnosis
Faculty: Patricia Roche, DO, CAQ (Radiology/Neuroradiology) | Mark Studin, DC

A clinical case-based review of spinal MRI interpretation including:

  • Sagittal and axial analysis

  • Sequence proficiency: T1, T2, STIR, proton density

  • Detection of spinal abnormalities and overlooked pathology

  • Ancillary tumor findings including:

    • Renal

    • Ovarian

    • Extradural/intradural tumors

  • Abdominal aorta morphology review for stroke risk indicators

This module strengthens your ability to identify critical findings that go beyond musculoskeletal pain—improving safety, outcomes, and collaborative clinical leadership.


Module 3 (1 Hour)

Advanced Credential Reporting and Authority Building

Track: Documentation
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Guests: Jordan Kovacs, DC, FPSC | Dallas Humble, DC, FPSC

Learn how to develop a professional bio and CV that establishes credibility in clinical, collaborative, and medical-legal environments. You’ll also learn how to incorporate outcome statistics into demonstrative reporting so your work reflects measurable real-world impact.

This module includes:

  • How to structure a professional bio and CV

  • How to present and frame outcome statistics ethically

  • How demonstrative reporting increases credibility and opportunity

  • What it takes to become published and how scientific publication elevates authority


Module 4 (2 Hours)

Age-Dating Herniated Discs and Trauma

Track: Diagnostic Testing & Differential Diagnosis
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Age-dating disc herniations and traumatic injury is a core skill for the advanced spine clinician. This module teaches evidence-based analysis using MRI, X-ray, and pathology interpretation to determine chronicity and clinical relevance.

You’ll learn how to:

  • Compare imaging findings with joint pathology and injury mechanisms

  • Establish defensible conclusions grounded in evidence

  • Use age-dating to support prognosis, care plans, and collaborative discussions

  • Strengthen medical-legal credibility through reproducible rationale


Module 5 (1 Hour)

Case History Presentation: Clinical Grand Rounds

Track: History Taking & Examination
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Guest: Melissa Studin, ESQ - Focusing on what the courts accept as experts and necessary functional loss reporting

A guided clinical grand rounds session focusing on:

  • Disc, ligament, and spinal pathology interpretation

  • Diagnosis and prognosis formulation

  • Treatment plan development

  • High-risk clinical conditions:

    • Cord edema

    • Myelomalacia

    • Myelopathy

    • Tethered cords

Learn how follow-up exams refine diagnosis and how care plans must adapt as new findings emerge.


Module 6 (2 Hours)

Updated Trends in Spinal Biomechanics and Ligamentous Pathology

Track: History Taking & Examination
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

This master class explores ligament pathology across acute and chronic presentations using evidence-based physiology and trauma science, including:

  • Ligament morphology, mechanisms, and sequelae of trauma

  • Compensatory biomechanics of the injured spine

  • Anatomy, vascularization, innervation, and tissue repair

  • Clinical relevance to spinal adjustments and injury recovery

  • How ligament pathology relates to patho-neuro-biomechanical lesions and the vertebral subluxation complex


Module 7 (1 Hour)

Case History Presentation: Clinical Grand Rounds (Advanced)

Track: History Taking & Examination
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Guests: Mitchel Berger, MD (Internal Medicine and Oncology) | Khuma Sial, MD (Physcal Medicine and Anesthesiology) - Focusing on patient triage and necessary requirements for collaborative care with chiropractors.

A second grand rounds session to deepen clinical application:

  • Disc and ligament pathology synthesis

  • Progressive diagnostic and prognostic decision-making

  • Treatment adaptation based on evolving findings

  • Identification of high-risk neurological conditions


Module 8 (2 Hours)

Latest Evidence on Making “Non-Specific Back Pain” Specific

Track: Diagnostic Testing & Differential Diagnosis
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

You’ll learn a statistical and evidence-based triage framework comparing outcomes across:

  • Chiropractors

  • Physical therapists

  • Medical doctors

This module evaluates short-term vs. long-term outcome evidence, pain scoring, disability metrics, and the diagnostic limitations of “non-specific” labeling.

The goal: Replace vague assumptions with measurable diagnostic clarity.


Module 9 (2 Hours)

Building Ethical Collaborative Relationships Through Documentation

Track: Ethical Billing & Coding
Faculty: Mark Studin, DC | Don Capoferri, DC

Guest: Paul Birinyi, MD (Neurosurgery) - Focusing on making non-specific back pain specific and the necessity for collaboration with "trained" chiropractors 

As healthcare evolves, chiropractic documentation must meet modern standards across compliance, communication, and collaboration. This module provides a step-by-step framework for writing clinical notes that foster professional trust and interdisciplinary teamwork.

You’ll learn:

  • What documentation is designed to accomplish (clinically and legally)

  • How to structure notes for clarity and context

  • How to improve efficiency without sacrificing accuracy

  • Key legal and compliance considerations

  • Future trends in record-keeping and reimbursement-driven documentation standards


Total Academic Time

15 Hours


Why This Training Matters Now

Spine care is changing. The clinicians who rise to leadership roles in collaborative healthcare are the ones who can:

  • interpret imaging accurately

  • triage appropriately

  • document demonstratively

  • communicate with medical specialists confidently

  • support decisions with measurable evidence

This course prepares you to do exactly that.


Stop guessing. Start proving.

Join the program and learn advanced triage, neurodiagnostics, and MRI/CT interpretation.


Instructions: Once you purchase the course online, it will be immediately active in your account. If you have any issues, please contact Cara 631-804-2845 or CaraRoss220@Gmail.com

 Troubleshooting Suggestions: 

  1. This course is supported by PC's and Mac devices
  2. Minimum 20mbs download speed
  3. Mobile device are not ideal as tracking is automated and often not mobilized

This course is Pace approved by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards.

ACCREDITATION

This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of the University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and Cleveland University Kansas City, College of Chiropractic, Post-Graduate Department.

The University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

CERTIFICATION

The University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences designates this live activity for a maximum of 3.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)TM. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

PLANNING COMMITTEE & SPEAKER DECLARATIONS

The Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) and the University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Standards for Commercial Support require that presentations are free of commercial bias and that any information regarding commercial products/services be based on scientific methods generally accepted by the medical community. The following planners and presenter(s) have disclosed financial interest/arrangements or affiliations with organization(s) that could be perceived as a real or apparent conflict of interest in the context of the subject of their presentation(s). Only the current arrangements/interests are included. *Planning Committee

Activity Director and Instructor: Mark Studin DC, FASBE(C), DAAPM  – Nothing to Report

ACCME Standards of Commercial Support of CME require that presentations be free of commercial bias and that any information regarding commercial products/services be based on scientific methods generally accepted by the medical community. When discussing therapeutic options, faculty are requested to use only generic names. If they use a trade name, then those of several companies should be used. If a presentation includes discussion of any unlabeled or investigational use of a commercial product, faculty are required to disclose this to the participants.


Table of Contents

Get access to all the tutorials in the course now!
Viewed
Course Pretest
Get access to all the tutorials in the course now!

Price

Plan Name Price
Unlimited: $ 299

Teacher

Mark Studin

Courses by this instructor

Name Level Release Date
MRI Spine Interpretation BASICS 2018-01-19 20:07:33
Impairment Rating 2018-02-07 02:09:03
MRI Spine Credentialing 2018-02-09 00:48:34
Personal Injury Bootcamp - Triaging the Trauma and Non Trauma Patient 2018-03-02 21:55:51
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering 2018-03-13 21:33:29
Accident Reconstruction 2018-03-17 17:35:33
Patient Intake, History and Examination 2018-03-18 01:48:47
Utilizing Research In Clinical Practice 2018-03-23 15:06:32
Triaging the Trauma and Non-Trauma Patient 2018-03-23 15:32:17
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, Concussion (MTBI) 2018-04-18 02:59:40
Medical-Legal-Insurance Documentation: Colossus of the Courtroom 2018-04-30 19:38:48
Interprofessional Hospital Based Spine Care 2018-05-01 01:48:52
Primary Spine Care 1 2018-05-03 16:15:27
Primary Spine Care 2 - 2018-05-06 00:39:08
Primary Spine Care 05: Biomechanics, Neurology of the Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment & Documentation in Collaborative Relationships 2018-05-09 21:11:44
Orthopedic Testing 2018-05-11 17:52:40
Spinal Trauma Pathology 2018-05-20 14:55:51
Stroke Anatomy & Evaluation for Chiropractors and Manual Medicine Specialists 2018-05-21 01:37:09
Primary Spine Care Three The Neurology of Chiropractic Care and Ligament Pathology from Trauma 2018-05-21 01:48:25
Testifying: Documentation & Ethical Medical-Legal Relationships - Part 1 2018-05-23 18:07:59
Spinal Disc and Ligaments; Neurology and Pathology 2018-05-24 01:07:45
Primary Spine Care Six Live Seminar 2018-09-06 16:18:08
Primary Spine Care Seven Spinal Biomechanical Pathology & Collaborative Management Webinar 2019-01-31 20:59:47
Forensic Documentation - Testifying Part 2 2019-02-26 01:33:12
Primary Spine Care Seven Spinal Biomechanical Pathology & Collaborative Management Online 2019-03-21 13:45:23
Evaluation and Management 2019-04-24 16:14:33
Electrodiagnostics: Electromyogram/Nerve Conduction Velocity (EMG/NCV) Diagnosis & Interpretation 2019-06-07 17:39:50
Concussion & Traumatic Brain Injury 2019-08-21 13:15:47
Primary Spine Care 8: DC vs. PT vs. MD vs. Drugs as 1st Option for Spine 2019-10-19 00:00:00
Primary Spine Care 9 Webinar: Chiropractic as 1st Option for Spine, A Literature-Based Standard 2020-03-21 00:00:00
Educating the Lawyer Chiropractic-Legal Ethics - Testifying Part 3 2020-03-24 01:23:05
Primary Spine Care Nine Online: Chiropractic as 1st Option for Spine, A Literature-Based Standard 2020-03-21 00:00:00
Collision Reconstruction and Biomechanical Engineering 2020-06-09 17:28:39
Ramping Up Your Practice Post-Covid 19 2020-06-18 19:45:16
Case Management: Spinal MRI and Documentation 2020-07-22 14:08:10
Extremity, MRI & X-Ray Interpretation 1999-12-01 20:36:54
Diagnosing Webinar 2020-09-14 20:38:09
Pathobiomechanics And Documentation Webinar 2020-12-04 17:25:00
Primary Spine Care Ten Chiropractic Spine Management Webinar 2020-12-05 00:00:00
Pathobiomechanics And Documentation Online 2020-12-08 00:00:00
Primary Spine Care Ten: Chiropractic Spine Management Online 2020-12-08 00:00:00
MRI Spine Clinical Grand Rounds 2021-01-22 20:08:48
Demonstrative Documentation and Reporting of Spinal Pathology Webinar 2021-04-07 15:48:18
Mini Fellowship in MRI, X-Ray and CAT Scan Imaging of Extremities 2021-04-19 17:38:23
Spinal Pathology and Documentation Online 2021-05-14 19:33:11
Primary Spine Care Eleven: Coding, Documentation, MRI and Digitizing Online 2021-05-17 13:27:42
Mini Fellowship in Neuroradiology MRI Spine 2021-06-28 12:59:24
Documentation Made Easy Online 2021-10-18 18:47:21
Primary Spine Care Twelve Case Management & Documentation Webinar 2021-11-15 00:00:00
Primary Spine Care Twelve: Case Management & Documentation Online 2021-12-08 17:30:01
Diagnosing Online 2021-12-14 14:35:26
Demo Course 2021-12-22 17:07:42
Documenting Clinical Findings and Diagnosis Free Webinar 2022-03-03 10:46:00
Testifying 4: Creating Ethical Financial Relationships 2022-07-05 19:22:15
Documenting Clinical Findings and Diagnosing Online 2022-07-06 14:31:48
MRI Spine Credentialing - Suny B Fellowship Requirment 2022-07-14 16:10:45
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering - Suny B Fellowship Course 2022-07-14 16:25:31
Orthopedic Testing - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-07-14 16:48:20
Impairment Rating - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-07-14 17:15:28
Spinal Trauma Pathology - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-07-14 17:43:05
Stroke - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-07-14 18:05:42
Evaluation and Managment - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 13:46:00
Electrodiagnostics - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 13:54:33
Concussion - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 14:05:51
Spinal Disc and Ligaments - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 15:29:20
Extremity, MRI & X-Ray Interpretation - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 15:38:14
MRI Spine Clinical Grand Rounds - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 15:44:48
Mini Fellowship in MRI, X-Ray and CAT Scan Imaging of Extremities - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 20:54:02
Case Management, Spinal MRI and Documentation - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-24 18:29:36
Interprofessional Hospital Based Spine Care - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-24 19:22:09
Colossus of the Courtroom - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-24 19:29:15
Primary Spine Care Five Biomechanics, Neurology of the Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment & Documentation in Collaborative Relationships - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 15:44:09
Primary Spine Care Ten Chiropractic Spine Management Online - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 16:22:26
MRI Spine Interpretation BASICS - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 16:33:16
Primary Spine Care Twelve Case Management & Documentation Online - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 17:00:24
Personal Injury Bootcamp - Triaging the Trauma and Non Trauma Patient - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 17:10:33
Diagnosing (Online) - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 17:16:31
Documentation Made Easy (Online) - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 17:21:39
Pathobiomechanics And Documentation Online - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 17:28:14
Imaging, Case and Strain/Sprain Reporting Free Webinar 2022-10-11 19:33:00
Coding and Care Plan from Acute through Rehabilitation Free Webinar 2023-01-26 01:00:00
Documentation in a Medical-Legal Case: The Foundation of Documentation Week 1 2023-03-09 18:06:54
Imaging, Case and Strain, Sprain Reporting Online 2023-04-10 18:53:06
Reimbursement Guidelines and Documentation Free Webinar 2023-04-20 13:55:00
Reimbursement Guidelines and Documentation Online 2023-04-21 20:40:34
Primary Spine Care Fourteen: Case Management and Documentation Online 2023-05-08 18:19:06
MRI Comprehensive Clinical Grand Rounds 2023-09-12 17:29:44
Coding and Care Plan From Acute through Rehabilitation Online 2023-09-19 14:36:15
Triage and Compliance: Documentation and Diagnosing Online 2023-09-24 22:35:37
Primary Spine Care Fifteen Ethics, Streamlining Documentation & Case Management Webinar 2023-11-12 16:12:00
California Couse: DC vs PT Outcomes, Chiropractic Physiology, MRI Basics & Making Documentation Easy 2023-10-30 12:45:19
Primary Spine Care Fifteen Ethics, Streamlining Documentation & Case Management Online 2023-11-14 18:26:27
Advanced MRI Spine Interpretation Mini-Fellowship 2024-02-06 14:32:34
Required Elements for 100 Percent Reimbursement Online Course 2024-04-16 15:46:17
Templates and Shortcuts in Diagnosing and Documentation for all EHR and Paper Systems Free Webinar 2024-05-15 15:32:00
Templates and Shortcuts in Diagnosing and Documentation for all EHR and Paper Systems Online 2024-05-17 18:35:10
Patient Triage, Coding and Documentation Online 2024-09-13 19:05:03
Primary Spine Care Sixteen: Clinical Necessity for Relationships with MD's and Lawyers Online 2024-11-03 16:30:31
X-Ray Essentials - Clinical Grand Rounds 2025-03-18 17:19:43
Mandatory Standards in Report Writing and Diagnosing Online 2025-03-19 15:20:07
Primary Spine Care Seventeen: Advanced Imaging, Diagnosing and Reporting Webinar 2025-05-03 15:39:00
Primary Spine Care Seventeen: Advanced Imaging Diagnosing and Reporting Online 2025-05-03 16:37:00
Primary Spine Care Fourteen: Case Management and Documetnation Webinar SUNY Buffalo Course 2025-05-07 18:04:49
Primary Spine Care Fifteen Ethics, Streamlining Documentation & Case Management SUNY Buffalo Course 2025-05-08 17:16:16
Primary Spine Care Sixteen: Clinical Necessity for Relationships with MD's and Lawyers SUNY Buffalo Course 2025-05-08 17:21:18
Research and Diagnosing Free Webinar 2025-06-11 19:39:00
Evidence-Based Chiropractic Outcomes & MRI Spine Interpretation Live WEbinar 2025-08-04 11:59:00
MRI Spine Evaluation 2025-08-05 15:15:35
Primary Spine Care 18: Evidence-Based Findings for Long-Term Chiropractic Care Live Webinar 2025-11-13 18:09:46
Primary Spine Care Eighteen: Evidence-Based Findings for Long-Term Chiropractic Care Online 2025-11-18 15:39:18
Primary Spine Care Seven Spinal Biomechanical Pathology & Collaborative Management Online - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 16:09:09
Case Management, Documentation & Diagnosis Online 2023-07-26 13:03:00
Primary Spine Care Thirteen Documentation, Diagnosis & Management Webinar 2022-11-04 16:33:00
Post-Covid PI Practice Strategy with Lawyers and MDs: Where MRI, Colossus and Documentation Fits 2020-05-05 00:00:00
Primary Spine Care Fourteen Case Management and Documentation Webinar 2023-05-07 18:44:00
Primary Spine Care Eleven Coding, Documentation, MRI and Digitizing Webinar 2021-05-11 17:14:25
Primary Spine Care Eleven Coding, Documentation, MRI and Digitizing Online - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 16:40:18
Mini-Fellowship in Neuroradiology - Suny Buffalo Course 2022-08-16 15:54:47
Spinal Pathology and Documentation Webinar 2021-05-10 14:20:30
Primary Spine Care Thirteen: Documentation, Diagnosis and Management Online 2022-09-16 17:27:48
Concussion/mTBI & Documentation Live Webinar 2025-08-13 12:26:19
Documentation for Referrals Free Webinar 2025-09-25 16:24:00
Patient Triage, Coding and Documentation Webinar 2024-09-12 00:00:00
Coordination of Care, Documentation, Diagnosis Online 2022-09-13 13:15:38
Case Management, Documentation & Diagnosis Free Webinar 2022-05-12 20:32:52
Primary Spine Care Nine Online: Chiropractic as 1st Option for Spine, A Literature-Based Standard - SUNY Buffalo Course 2022-08-26 16:12:40
Documentation Made Easy Live Webinar 2021-10-08 16:52:10
Post-Coronavirus PI Practice Strategy with Lawyers and MDs: Where MRI, Colossus and Documentation Fits 2020-05-05 00:00:00
Fellowship Final Exam Course 2022-09-09 12:59:33
Buy Now!
Get access to all the tutorials in the course now!
Quiz Status
Viewed
Duration
Course Pretest
Get access to all the tutorials in the course now!
00:00:08